Cell Theory Essay

In biology, carrell surmisal is a scientific theory that describes the properties of stalls, the basic unit of structure in every subsisting thing. The sign development of the theory, during the mid-17th century, was made possible by advances in microscopy the study of cellular phones is called cell biology.Cell theory states that new cells are formed from pre-existing cells, and that the cell is a fundamental unit of structure, component and organization in all living organisms. It is one of the foundations of biology.HistoryThe cell was discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665. He examined (under a coarse, compound microscope) very thin slices of cork and saw a multitude of tiny pores that he remarked looked like the walled compartments a monk would move in. Because of this association, Hooke called them cells, the name they tacit bear. However, Hooke did not know their real structure or function. Hookes description of these cells (which were actually non-living cell walls) was published in Micrographia. His cell observations gave no indication of the kernel and other organelles found in most living cells.The first person to make a compound microscope was Zacharias Jansen, while the first to witness a live cell under a microscope was Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, who in 1674 described the algae Spirogyra and named the moving organisms animalcules, meaning little animals. Leeuwenhoek probably also saw bacteria. Cell theory was in contrast to the vitalism theories proposed before the discovery of cells.The idea that cells were separable into individual units was proposed by Ludolph Christian Treviranus and Johann Jacob Paul Moldenhawer. All of this finally led to Henri Dutrochet formulating one of the fundamental tenets of modern cell theory by declaring that The cell is the fundamental element of organization.The observations of Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow, and others led to the development of the cell theory. The cell theory is a astray a ccepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things. The cell theory statesAll living things or organisms are made of cells and their products.New cells are created by old cells dividing into two.Cells are the basic building units of life. The cell theory holds true for all living things, no matter how big or small, or how open or complex. Since according to research, cells are common to all living things, they toilette provide information about all life. And because all cells come from other cells, scientists can study cells to learn about growth, reproduction, and all other functions that living things perform. By learning about cells and how they function, you can learn about all types of living things. conviction for developing cell theory is usually given to three scientists Theodor Schwann, Matthias Jakob Schleiden, and Rudolf Virchow.In 1839, Schwann and Schleiden suggested that cells were the basic unit of life. Their theory accepted the first two tene ts of modern cell theory (see next section, below). However, the cell theory of Schleiden differed from modern cell theory in that it proposed a method of spontaneous crystallization that he called free cell formation. In 1855, Rudolf Virchow concluded that all cells come from pre-existing cells, thus completing the classical cell theory. (Note that the idea that all cells come from pre-existing cells had in fact already been proposed by Robert Remak it has been suggested that Virchow plagiarised Remak.)Modern interpretationThe generally accepted parts of modern cell theory include1.All known living things are made up of one or more cells. 2.All living cells arise from pre-existing cells by division. 3.The cell is the fundamental unit of structure and function in all living organisms. 4.The activity of an organism depends on the total activity of independent cells. 5.Energy flow (metabolism and biochemistry) occurs within cells. 6.Cells contain hereditary information (DNA) which is passed from cell to cell during cell division. 7.All cells are basically the same in chemical composition in organisms of similar species.Cell Parts and Their FunctionsNucleus Large egg-shaped body near the centre of the cell. The control centre for all activity. Surrounded by a nuclear membrane.Nucleoplasm is the protoplasm in the nucleus. contains genetic cloth CHROMOSOMES (DNA)Nucleolus is found in the nucleus. contains more genetic information (RNA)Cell Membrane the outer boundary of the cell. it separates the cell from other cells. it is porous allows molecules to pass through.Lysosomes suicide sacs small structures that contain enzymes which are used in digestion. if a lysosome were to burst it could destroy the cell.Cell Wall ( Plant Cells Only ) non living structure that surrounds the flora cell. protects + supports the cell. made up of a tough fibre called cellulose.Cyto Plasm cell material outside the nucleus but within the cell membrane. clear wooden-headed fluid . contains structures called organelles.Vacuoles are clear fluid sacs that act as storage areas for food, minerals, and waste. in plant cell the vacuoles are large and mostly filled with water. This gives the plant support. in animal cells the vacuoles are much smaller.Mitochondria power house of the cell. centre of respiration of the cell. they release energy for cell functions.Chloro Plasts ( Plant cells only ) contains a green rouge known as chlorophyll which is important for photosynthesis.Ribosomes tiny spherical bodies that help make proteins. found in the cyto plasm or attached to the endo plasmic reticulum.Endo Plasmic Reticulum ( ER ) systems of membranes throughout the cyto plasm. it connects the nuclear membrane to the cell membrane. passageway for material moving though the cell.Golgi Bodies tube like structures that have tiny sacs at their ends. they help big money protein.