Chapter-V Discussion, conclusion and Recommendations

Chapter-V Discussion, conclusion and RecommendationsIt is relatively easy to appreciate that one of the larn issues in regard of the over entirely health scenario concerned their judge to the prisons fieldal system. The present search has uncovered the fact that in that location whitethorn included be several problem involved with the administrative, governmental and facilities regarding prison sports as fountainhead as establishing respectable strong-arm activities course of domain in a variety of introduction including prisons.The ache term inmates contain suffered distribution policy. This policy hold that prisons must be concerned with security starting duration and for most, with other issues being unimportant. In the process sum of the architectural plan which reserve suffered include pedagogics and pleasure. This is problematic because such(prenominal) programs help to lower strain in prisons and build break up relationship among rung and inmates.The researcher rig that most conventional kindly activities in prison atomic tot up 18 sedentary, non- forciblely active, and similar types of pursuits. One of the major problems in prison divagation and sports is that it principally serve the spirit of alleviating boredom and passing the time more quickly. confused prisoners made demand to the researcher that there must be a provision to muffle the amount of time spent in there barracks and increase the amount of time for sports activities. They as well insisted that better sports facilities must be provided. Model Prison Manual, (2003) of India, states the presence of visible educator in all lock up. Despite the injunction by the model prison the researcher form no strong-arm educator in any of the jails under taken in the topic and the allotted time for sports activities was unretentive and the necessary facilities regarding any type of physical activities had non been provided. The lack of government funds, detriment al social attitude and legislation, control staff, over crowding, unforesightful facilities, spars equipments and old fashioned recreational philosophy reduce the chances of inmate to get engage in systematic sports and physical activities. umpteen inmates recognize that very limited sports facilities (31.91%) are available to them whereas large number of inmates (82.82 %) are use uped in sports activities which are non offered often, the stated sports quick-wittedness admits of inmates are not even considered when developing any program for the jail upliftment.Another problem with prison sports programs involves factors associated with motivation. Inmates often componenticipated in activities for the rewards such as escape from work, trophies and better diet etc. entirely these alien motivational factor are likely to produce lesser chances of enhancing self image, confidence are likely to shallow. According Card (1983) inmates who take part in recreational activity beca use of there own personnel interest will likely reap greater benefits than those who become involve principally through the persuasion.The Government of India ranked the use of sports and other physical activities, highschool a massivewith higher education, establishing the family health and welfare, defense of the country and work for modern India to add the country at the global plane. Recreation and other sports activities aim been the center of obtaining many individual and social benefits. Constructive use of physical activities gives tender beings and outlet for creativity and self expression. According to Nash (1971), this drive may be expressed high on a scale in ground of be expressed high on a scale in terms of be explorer, inventor, discoverer, or in the limitless typed of hobbies. Recreation has not only played an important part in the treatment program of the mentally ill, but it has kept patient vigorous.In the light of the precedent preaching, sports may be potentially valuable rehabilitative tools in correction of moral behavior of prisoners. By having the discussion of the researcher with the prisoners in miscellaneous jails, it had been concluded that physical activities sports and their related facilities would give more balanced life sentence to prisoners and those who are not able are willing the participate in physically active sports should have other options available to them.McDermott. King (1989), found that prisoners are very much involve with physical education for dickens basic purposes. First it helps to defend against a prisoners physical mental decline. import it help a better relationship between the prisoners and the prison staff. chase the analysis of data generated during the study spare-time activity were the main puzzleings sports facilities and their administration were inadequate and poorly administered, the programs in relation to sports lacked specific goals, the programs help pass the time but served no rehabilitative purpose, there was very little carry-over value of prison activities because many of the sports facilities were inadequate, and attitudes towards recreational activities were mostly before ones enslavement and would rarely be changed by sparse active rehabilitation and physical activities programs in Uttar Pradesh Mandal tuck ins.Flynn (1974), Observed reason for limited recreational activities is due to the staff concerned for the security. The greater amount of security that is required, the greater amount it well coast. at that place is usually a shortage of staff at institution which creates problems with common security procedures. If security is a problem with a general prison population, physical activities programs may provide greater burden on security.A good prison sports program must be well planned to suit the needs of inmates. Forced corporation would defeat the purpose of corrections. With careful planning and developing large number of facilit ies and activities can be provided for the prisoners in any prison. The introduction of community based sports programs with the quality of recreation opportunity as well as the creative reintegration of an offender with his or her family and within greater social system. Security, however, must still be considered apriority for the community. Muth (1974) opined that having the qualification of participating in recreational activities with ones partner and/or children gives the offender a much better opportunity to keep his/her family intact.According to World health Organization (2003) the prisoner must be treated as drop off whole person. The recreation aspect of life is stressed to help the offender in this way.During incarceration, inmates suffer the loss of many things freedom, a sense of reality, sensational sticks, and the reality of who they are. Through participation in sports and other activities, inmates can experience some limited control over these areas for short period of time. The participation will also help on offender in the re-socialization process. Who believes that an inmates need to be seen as a total person for them to become better citizens and recreation through basic sports facilities within the prisons walls is a part of this concept.though Model Prison Manual, 2003 of India did mention about the Physical Training instructor under the educational Personnel of administrative frame-work of jail personnel, but entomb to mention the duties of Physical Training Instructor under the heading Duties of Educational Personnel. This itself shows the lack of awareness, among the jail policy-makers, about the importance of games and sports for the rehabilitation of incarcerated persons.Special discussion is required for the Kanpur Mandal jailhouse due to the fact that the Senior Superintendent of gaol denied the permission the carryout the proposed research work though the researcher produced all the applicable documents of permission and orders to collect the data from the highest authority of Uttar Pradesh Jails, i.e. the Director General of Jail, Jail Administration Reform Services, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow. The administrator of the Kanpur District Jail did not fall out with the orders and repudiate the researcher to access into the jail premise to collect the pertinent data for the present study. The similar administrator told the researcher to go aside from his office immediately and escorted the researcher up to the main gate of the jail to fit the exit of the researcher from the jail premise. Hence the researcher could not collect data from the Kanpur Mandal Jail due to the preceding mishappening.Discussion On HypothesisThe first supposal in the chapter-I was mentioned as Jails do not have an effective organizational set-up for sports. As it has been found during the survey of all the Mandal Jails of Uttar Pradesh that the organizational set-up is not up to the mark for sports as has been depicted in the following FigureFigure-18Column Diagram of Organizational Set-up of Uttar Pradesh JailsHence, the first hypothesis of the study has been arrive atd.The second hypothesis in the chapter-I was mentioned as Jails do not have an effective sports administrative setup to ensure decorous reaping and development of jail inmates. As it has been found during the survey of all the Mandal Jails of Uttar Pradesh that the administrative set-up is not up to the mark for sports as has been depicted in the following FigureFigure-19Column Diagram of Administrative Set-up of Uttar Pradesh JailsHence, the second hypothesis of the study has been achieved.The terce hypothesis in the chapter-I was mentioned as Jails do not have proper infrastructural facilities in term of play fields, equipments, coaching facilities etc. As it has been found during the survey of all the Mandal Jails of Uttar Pradesh that the infrastructural facilities is not up to the mark for sports as has been depicted in the fo llowing FigureFigure-20Column Diagram of Infrastructural Facilities of Uttar Pradesh JailsHence, the third hypothesis of the study has been achieved.4. The fourthly hypothesis in the chapter-I was mentioned as Jails (of All Mandals in Uttar Pradesh) do not have an ideal set-up for sports. The researcher has taken the Model Prison Manual, 2003 of India as the criterion for ideal set-up. The preceding manual states that every jail should have one physical training instructor (page no.44, chapter- 4.03.4-b) under the Educational Personnel but the researcher did not find any physical training instructor in any of the jails of Uttar Pradesh Mandal. Hence, the fourth hypothesis of the study has also been achieved.ConclusionPrisoners often appear to have high rates of recidivism partly as a result of feeling of certainty about their ability to succeed on the outside world. This study does not suggest any co-relation between the availability and use of existing facilities for use of spor ts and the correction in offenders behaviors. It only suggests, by review of literary works and discussion with prisoners that it is possible that participating in sports can have long term effects if there continued after release from prison. here the researcher opines that if the prisoners keep themselves physically active and goal oriented in prison, they may accomplish the identical purpose outside of prison. The study suggests the inadequate facilities for sports and non-availability of physical training instructor in the prisons, often hamper the proper planned physical activities for prisoners. The respondents of the study were prisoners and motley jails administrators. Almost all the respondents argued that sports acted as a release for aggressive energy rather than contributing to throw out aggression.Given the results of the study in chapter four the government of India, with the prisons, should strive for both main objectives (i) social control and (ii) rehabilitati on. Recreation with the help of sports and other physical activities should be implemented for the former, while education should be implemented for the latter.RecommendationsThere should be a post of Physical Training Instructor to call for program of demanding physical activities for jail inmates.Along with the unemployment and poverty, sports and recreation programs should be viewed as the establishment of a general strategy to improve the opportunity of good in jail inmates.Recommendations are made for the development of sports or recreation programs as a preventative role for youth-at-risk and the development of sporting and recreation facilities and opportunities for inmates including financial assistance for sports facilities and development of any existing facilities.It is suggested that for any long term change to occur the programs need to offer follow-up program. The same is true for physical activities programs which should be considered as only a partial solution for the crime rate in India.More qualitative empirical data should be gathered for the sports programs and its inclusion in jail programs. make headway researches are needed to provide holistic view of the relationship between various physical activities and crime records.It is suggested to consider a requirement to monitor lizard program to a consistent, minimum standard for the introduction and development of sports facilities for jai inmates. non-homogeneous sports federations should be encouraged to participate and promote sports activities in jails for correctional recreational.It is also suggested that a clear setup post-program opportunities for participation in various physical activities, particularly in programs with objective of developing the offenders participation to being and main(a) activity.Clear and systematic communication between any external organization running a physical activity program and the jail ordained responsible for over-seeing the program.Explicit ac knowledgement of achievement by inmates participations in various games and sports, if appropriate by formal awards.A high quality of staff delivering the physical activity programs should be posted at every jail, not simply to deliver the activity but more importantly to achieve the difficult mix of being able to develop personal social skills, engender mutual respect and maintain a clear behavioural code and discipline.Consensus statement on physical activity programs onward motion in prisons should be drafted by all the research agencies and universities running physical education courses in order to facilitate to raise standards in health promotion of prisoners by engaging in different forms of physical activities.It is recommended that whenever imprisonment in imposed, however, loss of freedom constitutes the punishment health and wellbeing must not be compromise.Sports in prison communities requires immediate financial boost in this blessed land of forth-coming xix Common We alth Games, New Delhi- 3 14 October, 2010.Government of India should establish special programs, through existing ordinal institutions and distance courses, to train jail administrators for physical activities and sports.Directorate General of Jail and other similar agency issue or verify the individuality card of the researcher on their letterpad in order to smooth conductance of the research work.The use of community sports and recreational resources must be emphasized.The purpose and meaning of sports and other recreational programs in all the jail settings must be redefined.Physical activities, leisure services and various sports programs must become an inbuilt component of the inmates treatment process.Recreational rehabilitative programs should be based on more extensive and reliable analysis in order to ensure high quality programs.Newer study may be taken to take the number of sports persons and their participation in jails.Government should allocate separate figure for intensive sports programs aiming for the rehabilitation and to promote wellness, a healthy life panache and decrease medical treatment as envisaged by the World health Organization (2003).